Title
Gefitinib Inhibits Invasion and Metastasis of Osteosarcoma via Inhibition of Macrophage Receptor Interacting Serine-Threonine Kinase 2
Publication Date
2020
Journal Title
Mol Cancer Ther
Abstract
©2020 American Association for Cancer Research. Most patients with osteosarcoma have subclinical pulmonary micrometastases at diagnosis. Mounting evidence suggests that macrophages facilitate metastasis. As the EGFR has been implicated in carcinoma-macrophage cross-talk, in this study, we asked whether gefitinib, an EGFR inhibitor, reduces osteosarcoma invasion and metastatic outgrowth using the K7M2-Balb/c syngeneic murine model. Macrophages enhanced osteosarcoma invasion in vitro, which was suppressed by gefitinib. Oral gefitinib inhibited tumor extravasation in the lung and reduced the size of metastatic foci, resulting in reduced metastatic burden. Gefitinib also altered pulmonary macrophage phenotype, increasing MHCII and decreasing CD206 expression compared with controls. Surprisingly, these effects are mediated through inhibition of macrophage receptor interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2), rather than EGFR. Supporting this, lapatinib, a highly specific EGFR inhibitor that does not inhibit RIPK2, had no effect on macrophage-promoted invasion, and RIPK2-/- macrophages failed to promote invasion. The selective RIPK2 inhibitor WEHI-345 blocked tumor cell invasion in vitro and reduced metastatic burden in vivo In conclusion, our results indicate that gefitinib blocks macrophage-promoted invasion and metastatic extravasation by reprogramming macrophages through inhibition of RIPK2.
Volume Number
19
Issue Number
6
Pages
1340 - 1350
Document Type
Article
Status
Faculty; Northwell Resident
Facility
School of Medicine; Northwell Health
Primary Department
Molecular Medicine
Additional Departments
Neurosurgery; Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology and Prevention; Otolaryngology; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; General Pediatrics; Surgery
PMID
DOI
10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-19-0903