Stenting for malignant ureteral obstruction: Tandem, metal or metal-mesh stents
Publication Date
2015
Journal Title
International Journal of Urology
Abstract
Extrinsic malignant compression of the ureter is not uncommon, often refractory to decompression with conventional polymeric ureteral stents, and frequently associated with limited survival. Alternative options for decompression include tandem ureteral stents, metallic stents and metal-mesh stents, though the preferred method remains controversial. We reviewed and updated our outcomes with tandem ureteral stents for malignant ureteral obstruction, and carried out a PubMed search using the terms malignant ureteral obstruction, tandem ureteral stents, ipsilateral ureteral stents, metal ureteral stent, resonance stent, silhouette stent and metal mesh stent. A comprehensive review of the literature and summary of outcomes is provided. The majority of studies encountered were retrospective with small sample sizes. The evidence is most robust for metal stents, whereas only limited data exists for tandem or metal-mesh stents. Metal and metal-mesh stents are considerably more expensive than tandem stenting, but the potential for less frequent stent exchanges makes them possibly cost-effective over time. Urinary tract infections have been associated with all stent types. A wide range of failure rates has been published for all types of stents, limiting direct comparison. Metal and metal-mesh stents show a high incidence of stent colic, migration and encrustation, whereas tandem stents appear to produce symptoms equivalent to single stents. Comparison is difficult given the limited evidence and heterogeneity of patients with malignant ureteral obstruction. It is clear that prospective, randomized studies are necessary to effectively scrutinize conventional, tandem, metallic ureteral and metal-mesh stents for their use in malignant ureteral obstruction.
Volume Number
22
Issue Number
7
Pages
629-636
Document Type
Article
EPub Date
2015/05/08
Status
Faculty
Facility
School of Medicine
Primary Department
Urology
PMID
DOI
10.1111/iju.12795