Impact of Just-in-Time and Just-in-Place Simulation on Intern Success With Infant Lumbar Puncture

Publication Date

2015

Journal Title

Pediatrics

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Simulation-based skill trainings are common; however, optimal instructional designs that improve outcomes are not well specified. We explored the impact of just-in-time and just-in-place training (JIPT) on interns' infant lumbar puncture (LP) success. METHODS: This prospective study enrolled pediatric and emergency medicine interns from 2009 to 2012 at 34 centers. Two distinct instructional design strategies were compared. Cohort A (2009-2010) completed simulation-based training at commencement of internship, receiving individually coached practice on the LP simulator until achieving a predefined mastery performance standard. Cohort B (2010-2012) had the same training plus JIPT sessions immediately before their first clinical LP. Main outcome was LP success, defined as obtaining fluid with first needle insertion andanalgesia, early stylet removal, and overall attempts. RESULTS: A total of 436 first infant LPs were analyzed. The LP success rate in cohort A was 35% (13/37), compared with 38% (152/399) in cohort B (95% confidence interval for difference [CI diff], -15% to +18%). Cohort B exhibited greater analgesia use (68% vs 19%; 95% CI diff, 33% to 59%), early stylet removal (69% vs 54%; 95% CI diff, 0% to 32%), and lower mean number of attempts (1.4 +/- 0.6 vs 2.1 +/- 1.6, P < .01) compared with cohort A. CONCLUSIONS: Across multiple institutions, intern success rates with infant LP are poor. Despite improving process measures, adding JIPT to training bundles did not improve success rate. More research is needed on optimal instructional design strategies for infant LP.

Volume Number

135

Issue Number

5

Pages

e1237-46

Document Type

Article

EPub Date

2015/04/15

Status

Faculty

Facility

School of Medicine

Primary Department

Pediatrics

Additional Departments

Emergency Medicine

PMID

25869377

DOI

10.1542/peds.2014-1911

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