Cardiometabolic Risk in Patients With First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Baseline Results From the RAISE-ETP Study

Publication Date

2014

Journal Title

JAMA Psychiatry

Abstract

IMPORTANCE The fact that individuals with schizophrenia have high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is well established. However, risk status and moderators or mediators in the earliest stages of illness are less clear. OBJECTIVE To assess cardiometabolic risk in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (FES) and its relationship to illness duration, antipsychotic treatment duration and type, sex, and race/ethnicity. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Baseline results of the Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode (RAISE) study, collected between July 22, 2010, and July 5, 2012, from 34 community mental health facilities without major research, teaching, or clinical FES programs. Patients were aged 15 to 40 years, had research-confirmed diagnoses of FES, and had less than 6 months of lifetime antipsychotic treatment. EXPOSURE Prebaseline antipsychotic treatment was based on the community clinician's and/or patient's decision. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Body composition and fasting lipid, glucose, and insulin parameters. RESULTS In 394 of 404 patients with cardiometabolic data (mean [SD] age, 23.6 [5.0] years; mean [SD] lifetime antipsychotic treatment, 47.3 [46.1] days), 48.3% were obese or overweight, 50.8% smoked, 56.5% had dyslipidemia, 39.9% had prehypertension, 10.0% had hypertension, and 13.2% had metabolic syndrome. Prediabetes (glucose based, 4.0%; hemoglobin A(1c) based, 15.4%) and diabetes (glucose based, 3.0%; hemoglobin A1c based, 2.9%) were less frequent. Total psychiatric illness duration correlated significantly with higher body mass index, fat mass, fat percentage, and waist circumference (all P < .01) but not elevated metabolic parameters (except triglycerides to HDL-C ratio [P = .04]). Conversely, antipsychotic treatment duration correlated significantly with higher non-HDL-C, triglycerides, and triglycerides to HDL-C ratio and lower HDL-C and systolic blood pressure (all P

Volume Number

71

Issue Number

12

Pages

1350-1363

Document Type

Article

EPub Date

2014/10/17

Status

Faculty, Northwell Researcher

Facility

School of Medicine; Northwell Health

Primary Department

Psychiatry

Additional Departments

Molecular Medicine

PMID

25321337

DOI

10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.1314

For the public and Northwell Health campuses

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